Hémostase, transfusion et saignements

HEMOSTASE, TRANSFUSION, SAIGNEMENTS

06/2008

(1) Dorman BH, Stroud RE, Wyckoff MM, Zellner JL, Botta D, Leonardi AH, Ikonomidis JS, Spinale FG: Differential Effects of Epsilon-aminocaproic Acid and Aprotinin on Matrix Metalloproteinase Release in Patients Following Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J.Cardiovasc.Pharmacol. 2008; 51: 418-23
(2) Onorati F, Esposito A, Comi MC, Impiombato B, Cristodoro L, Mastroroberto P, Renzulli A: Intra-aortic Balloon Pump-induced Pulsatile Flow Reduces Coagulative and Fibrinolytic Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Artif.Organs. 2008; .:
(3) Langstrom S, Rautiainen P, Mildh L, Peltola K, Wartiovaara-Kautto U, Heikinheimo M, Petaja J: Thrombin regulation in neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Thromb.Haemost. 2008; 99: 791-2
(4) Riley JB, Samolyk KA: On-line autotransfusion waste calculator. J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2008; 40: 68-73
(5) Trowbridge C, Stammers A, Klayman M, Brindisi N: A novel calculation to estimate blood volume and hematocrit during bypass. J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2008; 40: 61-4
(6) Boodram S, Evans E: Use of leukocyte-depleting filters during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a review. J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2008; 40: 27-42
(7) Reinhofer M, Brauer M, Franke U, Barz D, Marx G, Losche W: The value of rotation thromboelastometry to monitor disturbed perioperative haemostasis and bleeding risk in patients with cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood Coagul.Fibrinolysis. 2008; 19: 212-9
(8) Nuttall GA, Gutierrez MC, Dewey JD, Johnson ME, Oyen LJ, Hanson AC, Oliver WC, Jr.: A preliminary study of a new tranexamic Acid dosing schedule for cardiac surgery. J.Cardiothorac.Vasc.Anesth. 2008; 22: 230-5
(9) Luthra S, Theodore S, Liava'a M, Atkinson V, Tatoulis J: Cutaneous Microangiopathic Thrombosis Complicated by Pyoderma Gangrenosum in Post-Cardiac Surgery Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopaenia. Heart Lung Circ. 2008; .:
(10) Iribarren JL, Jimenez JJ, Hernandez D, Brouard M, Riverol D, Lorente L, de La LR, Nassar I, Perez R, Martinez R, Mora ML: Postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery: the role of tranexamic acid in patients homozygous for the 5G polymorphism of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene. Anesthesiology. 2008; 108: 596-602
(11) Ohata T, Mitsuno M, Yamamura M, Tanaka H, Kobayashi Y, Ryomoto M, Yoshioka Y, Tsujiya N, Miyamoto Y: Beneficial effects of mini-cardiopulmonary bypass on hemostasis in coronary artery bypass grafting: analysis of inflammatory response and hemodilution. ASAIO J. 2008; 54: 207-9
(12) Edmunds LH, Jr., Colman RW: Bleeding that won't stop. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2008; 85: 1153-4
(13) Fujiwara Y, Matsuura S, Fukuda K: [Case of aprotinin-induced anaphylactic shock]. Masui. 2008; 57: 366-9
(14) Straub A, Wendel HP, Dietz K, Schiebold D, Peter K, Schoenwaelder SM, Ziemer G: Selective inhibition of the platelet phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110beta as promising new strategy for platelet protection during extracorporeal circulation. Thromb.Haemost. 2008; 99: 609-15
(15) Tanaka KA, Taketomi T, Szlam F, Calatzis A, Levy JH: Improved clot formation by combined administration of activated factor VII (NovoSeven) and fibrinogen (Haemocomplettan P). Anesth.Analg. 2008; 106: 732-8, table
(16) Sniecinski R, Szlam F, Chen EP, Bader SO, Levy JH, Tanaka KA: Antithrombin deficiency increases thrombin activity after prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth.Analg. 2008; 106: 713-8, table
(17) Sniecinski RM, Chen EP, Tanaka KA: Reduced levels of fibrin (antithrombin I) and antithrombin III underlie coagulopathy following complex cardiac surgery. Blood Coagul.Fibrinolysis. 2008; 19: 178-9
(18) Jambor C, Bremerich D, Moritz A, Seifried E, Zwissler B: [Management of hemostasis disorders after extracorporeal circulation : A clinical therapy algorithm.]. Anaesthesist. 2008; 57: 374-81
(19) Untch BR, Jeske WP, Schwartz J, Botkin S, Prechel M, Walenga JM, Bakhos M: Inflammatory and hemostatic activation in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Clin.Appl.Thromb.Hemost. 2008; 14: 141-8
(20) Selleng S, Selleng K, Wollert HG, Muellejans B, Lietz T, Warkentin TE, Greinacher A: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients requiring prolonged intensive care unit treatment after cardiopulmonary bypass. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2008; 6: 428-35
(21) Jha NK, Rezk AI, Omran AS, Hussain A, Najm HK: Acute pulmonary thromboembolism during mitral valve repair. Heart Lung Circ. 2008; 17: 159-61

04/2008 - spécial Aprotinine

(1) Fraser IS, Porte RJ, Kouides PA, Lukes AS: A benefit-risk review of systemic haemostatic agents : part 1: in major surgery. Drug Saf. 2008; 31: 217-30
(2) Gluud LL, Klingenberg SL, Langholz SE: Tranexamic acid for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: systematic review of randomised trials. Aliment.Pharmacol.Ther. 2008; .:
(3) Kristeller JL, Roslund BP, Stahl RF: Benefits and risks of aprotinin use during cardiac surgery. Pharmacotherapy. 2008; 28: 112-24
(4) Liu CM, Chen J, Wang XH: Requirements for transfusion and postoperative outcomes in orthotopic liver transplantation: A meta-analysis on aprotinin. World J.Gastroenterol. 2008; 14: 1425-9
(5) Maslow AD, Chaudrey A, Bert A, Schwartz C, Singh A: Perioperative renal outcome in cardiac surgical patients with preoperative renal dysfunction: aprotinin versus epsilon aminocaproic acid. J.Cardiothorac.Vasc.Anesth. 2008; 22: 6-15
(6) Pagano D, Howell NJ, Freemantle N, Cunningham D, Bonser RS, Graham TR, Mascaro J, Rooney SJ, Wilson IC, Cramb R, Keogh BE: Bleeding in cardiac surgery: the use of aprotinin does not affect survival. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2008; 135: 495-502
(7) Ray WA: Learning from aprotinin--mandatory trials of comparative efficacy and safety needed. N.Engl.J.Med. 2008; 358: 840-2
(8) Schneeweiss S, Seeger JD, Landon J, Walker AM: Aprotinin during coronary-artery bypass grafting and risk of death. N.Engl.J.Med. 2008; 358: 771-83
(9) Shaw AD, Stafford-Smith M, White WD, Phillips-Bute B, Swaminathan M, Milano C, Welsby IJ, Aronson S, Mathew JP, Peterson ED, Newman MF: The effect of aprotinin on outcome after coronary-artery bypass grafting. N.Engl.J.Med. 2008; 358: 784-93
(10) Szekely A, Sapi E, Breuer T, Kertai MD, Bodor G, Vargha P, Szatmari A: Aprotinin and renal dysfunction after pediatric cardiac surgery. Paediatr.Anaesth. 2008; 18: 151-9
(11) Wagener G, Gubitosa G, Wang S, Borregaard N, Kim M, Lee HT: Increased Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury with Aprotinin Use during Cardiac Surgery Detected with Urinary NGAL. Am.J.Nephrol. 2008; 28: 576-82

02/2008

(1) Backer CL, Kelle AM, Stewart RD, Suresh SC, Ali FN, Cohn RA, Seshadri R, Mavroudis C: Aprotinin is safe in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2007; 134: 1421-6
(2) Bode AP, Lust RM, Read MS, Fischer TH: Correction of the bleeding time with lyophilized platelet infusions in dogs on cardiopulmonary bypass. Clin.Appl.Thromb.Hemost. 2008; 14: 38-54
(3) Chan KL, Summerhayes RG, Ignjatovic V, Horton SB, Monagle PT: Reference values for kaolin-activated thromboelastography in healthy children. Anesth.Analg. 2007; 105: 1610-3, table
(4) Jimenez JJ, Iribarren JL, Lorente L, Rodriguez JM, Hernandez D, Nassar I, Perez R, Brouard M, Milena A, Martinez R, Mora ML: Tranexamic acid attenuates inflammatory response in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery through blockade of fibrinolysis: a case control study followed by a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Crit Care. 2007; 11: R117
(5) McEwan A: Aspects of bleeding after cardiac surgery in children. Paediatr.Anaesth. 2007; 17: 1126-33
(6) Roy-Choudhury SH, Gallacher DJ, Pilmer J, Rankin S, Fowler G, Steers J, Dourado R, Woodburn P, Adam A: Relative threshold of detection of active arterial bleeding: in vitro comparison of MDCT and digital subtraction angiography. AJR Am.J.Roentgenol. 2007; 189: W238-W246
(7) Vanek T, Jares M, Snircova J, Maly M: Fibrinolysis in coronary artery surgery: detection by thromboelastography. Interact.Cardiovasc.Thorac.Surg. 2007; 6: 700-4
(8) Zimmermann N, Kurt M, Winter J, Gams E, Wenzel F, Weber AA, Hohlfeld T: Aspirin-induced platelet inhibition in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Platelets. 2007; 18: 528-34

08-10/2007

(1) Whitlock RP, Crowther MA, Warkentin TE, Blackall MH, Farrokhyar F, Teoh KH: Warfarin cessation before cardiopulmonary bypass: lessons learned from a randomized controlled trial of oral vitamin K. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2007; 84: 103-8
(2) Wahed S, Karagounis AP, Niranjan G, Kanagasabay R: Successful graft patency after factor VIIa use for bleeding in coronary artery surgery: an unusual complication of a coronary artery bypass surgery. J.Card Surg. 2007; 22: 424-7
(3) Veres G, Radovits T, Schultz H, Lin LN, Hutter J, Weigang E, Szabolcs Z, Szabo G: Effect of recombinant aprotinin on postoperative blood loss and coronary vascular function in a canine model of cardiopulmonary bypass. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg. 2007; 32: 340-5
(4) Vanek T, Jares M, Snircova J, Maly M: Fibrinolysis in coronary artery surgery: detection by thromboelastography. Interact.Cardiovasc.Thorac.Surg. 2007; %20;.:
(5) Van der Linden PJ, Hardy JF, Daper A, Trenchant A, De Hert SG: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: does aprotinin affect outcome? Br.J.Anaesth. 2007; 99: 646-52
(6) van den Goor JM, Nieuwland R, van Oeveren W, Rutten PM, Tijssen JG, Hau CM, Sturk A, Eijsman L, de Mol BA: Cell Saver device efficiently removes cell-derived microparticles during cardiac surgery. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2007; 134: 798-9
(7) Valeri CR, Khuri S, Ragno G: Nonsurgical bleeding diathesis in anemic thrombocytopenic patients: role of temperature, red blood cells, platelets, and plasma-clotting proteins. Transfusion. 2007; 47: 206S-48S
(8) Umscheid CA, Kohl BA, Williams K: Antifibrinolytic use in adult cardiac surgery. Curr.Opin.Hematol. 2007; 14: 455-67
(9) Tritapepe L, De S, V, Vitale D, Nencini C, Pellegrini F, Landoni G, Toscano F, Miraldi F, Pietropaoli P: Recombinant activated factor VII for refractory bleeding after acute aortic dissection surgery: a propensity score analysis. Crit Care Med. 2007; 35: 1685-90
(10) Takayama H, Soltow LO, Aldea GS: Differential expression in markers for thrombin, platelet activation, and inflammation in cell saver versus systemic blood in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J.Cardiothorac.Vasc.Anesth. 2007; 21: 519-23
(11) Stone ME, Silverman SH, Nomoto K: Intracardiac thrombosis and acute right ventricular failure following complex reoperative cardiac surgery with aprotinin and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Semin.Cardiothorac.Vasc.Anesth. 2007; 11: 177-84
(12) Silver DA, D'Ambra MN: Recombinant activated factor VII in cardiac surgery--will we ever know for sure? Crit Care Med. 2007; 35: 1782-3
(13) Scott BH: Blood transfusion in cardiac surgery: is it appropriate? Ann.Card Anaesth. 2007; 10: 108-12
(14) Schroder JN, Daneshmand MA, Villamizar NR, Petersen RP, Blue LJ, Welsby IJ, Lodge AJ, Ortel TL, Rogers JG, Milano CA: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in left ventricular assist device bridge-to-transplant patients. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2007; 84: 841-5
(15) Roy-Choudhury SH, Gallacher DJ, Pilmer J, Rankin S, Fowler G, Steers J, Dourado R, Woodburn P, Adam A: Relative threshold of detection of active arterial bleeding: in vitro comparison of MDCT and digital subtraction angiography. AJR Am.J.Roentgenol. 2007; 189: W238-W246
(16) Pretorius M, Donahue BS, Yu C, Greelish JP, Roden DM, Brown NJ: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 as a predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiopulmonary bypass. Circulation. 2007; 116: I1-I7
(17) Parker RI: Heparin-dependent platelet antibodies in children: problem or merely problematic? Pediatr.Crit Care Med. 2007; 8: 404-5
(18) Moretti C, Teresa LM, Morena L, Biondi-Zoccai G, Laudito A, Anselmino M, Paolo TG, Sheiban I: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and percutaneous coronary stenting: A dangerous duo? Int.J.Cardiol. 2007; .:
(19) Miyaji K, Kohira S, Miyamoto T, Nakashima K, Sato H, Ohara K, Yoshimura H: Pediatric cardiac surgery without homologous blood transfusion, using a miniaturized bypass system in infants with lower body weight. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2007; 134: 284-9
(20) McEvoy MD, Reeves ST, Reves JG, Spinale FG: Aprotinin in cardiac surgery: a review of conventional and novel mechanisms of action. Anesth.Analg. 2007; 105: 949-62
(21) Kulier A, Levin J, Moser R, Rumpold-Seitlinger G, Tudor IC, Snyder-Ramos SA, Moehnle P, Mangano DT: Impact of preoperative anemia on outcome in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Circulation. 2007; 116: 471-9
(22) Kristeller JL, Stahl RF, Roslund BP, Roke-Thomas M: Aprotinin use in cardiac surgery patients at low risk for requiring blood transfusion. Pharmacotherapy. 2007; 27: 988-94
(23) Jahr JS, Walker V, Manoochehri K: Blood substitutes as pharmacotherapies in clinical practice. Curr.Opin.Anaesthesiol. 2007; 20: 325-30
(24) Hanson SJ, Punzalan RC, Ghanayem N, Havens P: Prevalence of heparin-dependent platelet antibodies in children after cardiopulmonary bypass. Pediatr.Crit Care Med. 2007; 8: 358-61
(25) Gardner TJ: To transfuse or not to transfuse. Circulation. 2007; 116: 458-60
(26) Flaujac C, Pouard P, Boutouyrie P, Emmerich J, Bachelot-Loza C, Lasne D: Platelet dysfunction after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in children: effect of high-dose aprotinin. Thromb.Haemost. 2007; 98: 385-91
(27) Chung J, Suzuki H, Tabuchi N, Sato K, Shibamiya A, Koyama T: Identification of tissue factor and platelet-derived particles on leukocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass by flow cytometry and immunoelectron microscopy. Thromb.Haemost. 2007; 98: 368-74
(28) Chello M, Spadaccio C, Patti G, Lusini M, Barbato R, Goffredo C, Di Sciascio G, Covino E: Simvastatin reduces platelet-endocardium adhesion in atrial fibrillation. Atherosclerosis. 2007; .:
29. Ballotta A, Saleh HZ, El Baghdady HW, Gomaa M, Belloli F, Kandil H, Balbaa Y, Bettini F, Bossone E, Menicanti L, Frigiola A, Bellucci C, Mehta RH: Comparison of early platelet activation in patients undergoing on-pump versus off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2007; 134: 132-8
(30) Avci Z, Malbora B, Gokdemir M, Ozkan S, Ozbek N: Successful Use of Recombinant Factor VIIa (NovoSeven((R))) During Cardiac Surgery in a Pediatric Patient with Congenital Factor XI Deficiency. Pediatr.Cardiol. 2007; %20;.:
(31) Asberg AE, Videm V: Inhibition of platelet receptors involved in neutrophil-platelet interaction in model cardiopulmonary bypass. Artif.Organs. 2007; 31: 617-26
(32) Andreasen JJ, Westen M, Pallesen PA, Jensen S, Gorst-Rasmussen A, Johnsen SP: Transfusion practice in coronary artery bypass surgery in Denmark: a multicenter audit. Interact.Cardiovasc.Thorac.Surg. 2007; 6: 623-7
(33) Agarwal HS, Bennett JE, Churchwell KB, Christian KG, Drinkwater DC, Jr., He Y, Taylor MB: Recombinant factor seven therapy for postoperative bleeding in neonatal and pediatric cardiac surgery. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2007; 84: 161-8

05/2007

(1) Asopa S, Elahi M. Hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass: Optimal hematocrit for safe outcome. Acute Card Care 2007; 9(1):63-64.

(2) Jimenez Rivera JJ, Iribarren JL, Raya JM, Nassar I, Lorente L, Perez R et al. Factors associated with excessive bleeding in cardiopulmonary bypass patients: a nested case-control study. J Cardiothorac Surg 2007; 2(1):17.

(3) Nikolaidis N, Velissaris T, Ohri SK. Bivalirudin anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass: an unusual case. Tex Heart Inst J 2007; 34(1):115-118.

(4) Huebler M, Boettcher W, Koster A, Stiller B, Kuppe H, Hetzer R. Transfusion-free cardiac reoperation in an 11-kg Jehovah's Witness child by use of a minimized cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. Tex Heart Inst J 2007; 34(1):108-111.

(5) Augoustides JG. Con: aprotinin should not be used in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2007; 21(2):302-304.

(6) Hill SE. Pro: aprotinin should be used in coronary artery bypass graft surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2007; 21(2):298-301.

(7) Jormalainen M, Vento AE, Lukkarinen H, Kaapa P, Kyto V, Lauronen J et al. Inhibition of thrombin during reperfusion improves immediate postischemic myocardial function and modulates apoptosis in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2007; 21(2):224-231.

(8) Boehm J, Grammer JB, Lehnert F, Dietrich W, Wagenpfeil S, Wildhirt SM et al. Factor V Leiden does not affect bleeding in aprotinin recipients after cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 2007; 106(4):681-686.

(9) Kahan ES, Petersen G, Gaughan JP, Criner GJ. High incidence of venous thromboembolic events in lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2007; 26(4):339-344.

(10) Gerling V, Lahpor JR, Buhre W. Peri-operative management of an adult patient with type 2N von Willebrand's disease scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft. Anaesthesia 2007; 62(4):405-408.

(11) Sniecinski RM, Chen EP, Levy JH, Szlam F, Tanaka KA. Coagulopathy after cardiopulmonary bypass in Jehovah's Witness patients: management of two cases using fractionated components and factor VIIa. Anesth Analg 2007; 104(4):763-765.

(12) Elder L. Coagulopathy after cardiopulmonary bypass in Jehovah's Witness patients: management of and for the individual rather than the religious institution. Anesth Analg 2007; 104(4):757-758.

(13) Bode AP, Fischer TH. Lyophilized platelets: fifty years in the making. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol 2007; 35(1):125-133.

(14) van den Goor JM, Nieuwland R, Rutten PM, Tijssen JG, Hau C, Sturk A et al. Retransfusion of pericardial blood does not trigger systemic coagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007; .

(15) DeBois WJ, Liu J, Elmer B, Ebrahimi H, Voevidko L, Lee LY et al. Heparin sensitivity test for patients requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. J Extra Corpor Technol 2006; 38(4):307-309.

(16) Asberg AE, Videm V. Concentration-dependent effect of abciximab on platelets and neutrophils in a model of cardiopulmonary bypass. Perfusion 2006; 21(6):343-352.

(17) Mangoush O, Purkayastha S, Haj-Yahia S, Kinross J, Hayward M, Bartolozzi F et al. Heparin-bonded circuits versus nonheparin-bonded circuits: an evaluation of their effect on clinical outcomes. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007; .

(18) Slight RD, Fung AK, Alonzi C, Bappu NJ, McClelland DB, Mankad PS. Rationalizing blood transfusion in cardiac surgery: preliminary findings with a red cell volume-based model. Vox Sang 2007; 92(2):154-156.

(19) Van der LP, Dierick A. Blood conservation strategies in cardiac surgery. Vox Sang 2007; 92(2):103-112.

(20) Swindell CG, Barker TA, McGuirk SP, Jones TJ, Barron DJ, Brawn WJ et al. Washing of irradiated red blood cells prevents hyperkalaemia during cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates and infants undergoing surgery for complex congenital heart disease.

(21) Cines DB, Rauova L, Arepally G, Reilly MP, McKenzie SE, Sachais BS et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: an autoimmune disorder regulated through dynamic autoantigen assembly/disassembly. J Clin Apher 2007; 22(1):31-36.

(22) Bar-Yosef S, Cozart HB, Phillips-Bute B, Mathew JP, Grocott HP. Preoperative low molecular weight heparin reduces heparin responsiveness during cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth 2007; 54(2):107-113.

(23) Harle CC, Murkin JM. Another bleeding heart: perioperative heparin management revisited. Can J Anaesth 2007; 54(2):97-102.

(24) Koster A, Dyke CM, Aldea G, Smedira NG, McCarthy HL, Aronson S et al. Bivalirudin during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with previous or acute heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and heparin antibodies: results of the CHOOSE-ON trial. Ann Thorac Surg 2007; 83(2):572-577.

(25) Mehr-Aein A, Davoodi S, Madani-Civi M. Effects of tranexamic Acid and autotransfusion in coronary artery bypass. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2007; 15(1):49-53.

(26) Massad I, Abu-Ali H, Biron-Andreani C, Picot MC, Trinh-Duc P. Antithrombin and protein C in systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2007; 15(1):39-44.

(27) Parvizi R, Azarfarin R, Hassanzadeh S. Ultra-low dose aprotinin effects on reducing the need for blood transfusion in cardiac surgery. Saudi Med J 2007; 28(1):49-53.

(28) Pappalardo F, Franco A, Crescenzi G, De Simone F, Torracca L, Zangrillo A. Anticoagulation management in patients undergoing open heart surgery by activated clotting time and whole blood heparin concentration. Perfusion 2006; 21(5):285-290.

(29) Fontana M, Ruchat P, Horisberger J, Aubert V, Mayor C, Spertini F. Prevention of cryoprecipitation during cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with HIV-HCV co-infections. Perfusion 2006; 21(5):263-265.

(30) Belway D, Rubens FD, Henley B, Babaev A, Mesana T. Delayed thrombin generation is not associated with fibrinopeptide formation during prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass with hirudin anticoagulation. Perfusion 2006; 21(5):259-262.

(31) Lo B, Nierich AP, Kalkman CJ, Fijnheer R. Relatively increased von Willebrand factor activity after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Thromb Haemost 2007; 97(1):21-26.

(32) Raivio P, Fernandez JA, Kuitunen A, Griffin JH, Lassila R, Petaja J. Activation of protein C and hemodynamic recovery after coronary artery bypass surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133(1):44-51.

(33) Miura T, Sakamoto T, Kobayashi M, Shin'oka T, Kurosawa H. Hemodilutional anemia impairs neurologic outcome after cardiopulmonary bypass in a piglet model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007; 133(1):29-36.

01/2007

(1) Belway D, Rubens FD, Henley B, Babaev A, Mesana T: Delayed thrombin generation is not associated with fibrinopeptide formation during prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass with hirudin anticoagulation. Perfusion. 2006; 21: 259-62

(2) Commin PL, Rozec B, Trossaert M, Le Teurnier Y, Fournet X, Blanloeil Y: [Use of heparin and platelet GPIIbIIIa inhibitor tirofiban for cardiac surgery in patients for suspicion of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia]. Ann.Fr.Anesth.Reanim. 2006; 25: 1153-7

(3) Shiiya N, Matsuzaki K, Kunihara T, Sugiki H: Heparin reduction with the use of cardiotomy suction is associated with hyperfibrinolysis during distal aortic perfusion with a heparin-coated semi-closed cardiopulmonary bypass system. J.Artif.Organs. 2006; 9: 214-9

(4) Edmunds LH, Jr., Colman RW: Thrombin during cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2006; 82: 2315-22

(5) Taneja R, Cheng DC: Con: Heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuits should be routine for all cardiac surgical procedures. Anesth.Analg. 2006; 103: 1370-2

(6) Jessen ME: Pro: Heparin-coated circuits should be used for cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth.Analg. 2006; 103: 1365-9

(7) Beattie WS, Karkouti K: Con: Aprotinin has a good efficacy and safety profile relative to other alternatives for prevention of bleeding in cardiac surgery. Anesth.Analg. 2006; 103: 1360-4

(8)Rivo J, Gozal Y, Raushenbach M, Varon D, Katz J: Platelet function in paediatric patients undergoing surgery for cyanotic congenital heart defects. Paediatr.Anaesth. 2006; 16: 1297-8

(9) Kuitunen AH, Suojaranta-Ylinen RT, Kukkonen SI, Niemi TT: Tranexamic acid does not correct the haemostatic impairment caused by hydroxyethyl starch (200 kDa/0.5) after cardiac surgery. Blood Coagul.Fibrinolysis. 2006; 17: 639-45

(10) Almond CS, Harrington J, Thiagarajan R, Duncan CN, LaPierre R, Halwick D, Blume ED, Del Nido PJ, Neufeld EJ, McGowan FX: Successful use of bivalirudin for cardiac transplantation in a child with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J.Heart Lung Transplant. 2006; 25: 1376-9

(11) Bracey AW, Grigore AM, Nussmeier NA: Impact of Platelet Testing on Presurgical Screening and Implications for Cardiac and Noncardiac Surgical Procedures. Am.J.Cardiol. 2006; %20;98: S25-S32

(12) Jormalainen M, Vento AE, Wartiovaara-Kautto U, Suojaranta-Ylinen R, Lauronen J, Paavonen T, Petaja J: Antithrombin reduces pulmonary hypertension during reperfusion after cardiopulmonary bypass in a pig. Acta Anaesthesiol.Scand. 2006; .:

(13) Fischer TH, Bode AP, Parker BR, Russell KE, Bender DE, Ramer JK, Read MS: Primary and secondary hemostatic functionalities of rehydrated, lyophilized platelets. Transfusion. 2006; 46: 1943-50

(14) Kutay V, Noyan T, Ozcan S, Melek Y, Ekim H, Yakut C: Biocompatibility of heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass circuits in coronary patients with left ventricular dysfunction is superior to PMEA-coated circuits. J.Card Surg. 2006; 21: 572-7

(15) Karaca P, Konuralp C, Enc Y, Suzer A, Sokullu O, Ayoglu U, Cicek S: Cardioprotective effect of aprotinin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury during cardiopulmonary bypass. Circ.J. 2006; 70: 1432-6

(16) Gibbs NM, Yim D, Weightman W, Sheminant M, Rowe R: The effect of excess protamine on thrombelastography in vitro. Anaesth.Intensive Care. 2006; 34: 579-85

(17) Hogue CW, London MJ: Aprotinin use during cardiac surgery: a new or continuing controversy? Anesth.Analg. 2006; 103: 1067-70

(18) Gando S, Kameue T, Sawamura A, Hayakawa M, Hoshino H, Kubota N: An alternative pathway for fibrinolysis is activated in patients who have undergone cardiopulmonary bypass surgery and major abdominal surgery. Thromb.Res. 2006; .:

(19) Audu P, Nielsen VG, Armstead V, Powell G, Kim J, Kim L, Mehta M: The impact of tissue factor pathway inhibitor on coagulation kinetics determined by thrombelastography. Anesth.Analg. 2006; 103: 841-5

(20) Anttila V, Hagino I, Iwata Y, Mettler BA, Lidov HG, Zurakowski D, Jonas RA: Aprotinin improves cerebral protection: evidence from a survival porcine model. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2006; 132: 948-53

(21) McCall P, Story DA, Karapillai D: Audit of factor VIIa for bleeding resistant to conventional therapy following complex cardiac surgery. Can.J.Anaesth. 2006; 53: 926-33

(22) Koster A, Buz S, Hetzer R, Kuppe H, Breddin K, Harder S: Anticoagulation with argatroban in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies after cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: first results from the ARG-E03 trial. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2006; 132: 699-700

(23) Kirshbom PM, Miller BE, Spitzer K, Easley KA, Spainhour CE, Kogon BE, Kanter KR: Failure of surface-modified bypass circuits to improve platelet function during pediatric cardiac surgery. J.Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2006; 132: 675-80

(24) Merlani PG, Chenaud C, Cottini S, Reber G, Garnerin P, de Moerloose P, Ricou B: Point of care management of heparin administration after heart surgery: A randomized, controlled trial. Intensive Care Med. 2006; 32: 1357-64

(25) Levy JH: Aprotinin is useful as a hemostatic agent in cardiopulmonary surgery: yes. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2006; 4: 1875-8

(26) Karkouti K, Beattie WS: Aprotinin is useful as a hemostatic agent in cardiopulmonary surgery: no. J.Thromb.Haemost. 2006; 4: 1879-81

(27) Nimjee SM, Keys JR, Pitoc GA, Quick G, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA: A novel antidote-controlled anticoagulant reduces thrombin generation and inflammation and improves cardiac function in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Mol.Ther. 2006; 14: 408-15

09/2006

(1) Abul-Azm A, Abdullah KM. Effect of topical tranexamic acid in open heart surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; 23(5):380-384.

(2) Augoustides JG. Systemic thromboses after cardiopulmonary bypass: is it thrombin or antithrombin? Anesthesiology 2006; 105(2):428-429.

(3) Borgdorff P, Tangelder GJ. Pump-induced platelet aggregation with subsequent hypotension: Its mechanism and prevention with clopidogrel. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131(4):813-821.

(4) Boshkov LK, Kirby A, Shen I, Ungerleider RM. Recognition and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(6):S2355-S2359.

(5) Cain RL, Spiess BD, Nelson M, Deanda A, Jr., McCarthy HL, Green JA. Bivalirudin anticoagulation for a patient with hypercoagulable immune syndromes undergoing mitral valve surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(6):2308-2310.

(6) Carroll RC, Chavez JJ, Snider CC, Meyer DS, Muenchen RA. Correlation of perioperative platelet function and coagulation tests with bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. J Lab Clin Med 2006; 147(4):197-204.

(7) Casati V, D'Angelo A, Barbato L, Rossi E, Grasso MA, Spagnolo S et al. Perioperative management of a heterozygous carrier of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia submitted to coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg 2006; 103(2):309-11, table.

(8) Cooper JR, Jr., Abrams J, Frazier OH, Radovancevic R, Radovancevic B, Bracey AW et al. Fatal pulmonary microthrombi during surgical therapy for end-stage heart failure: possible association with antifibrinolytic therapy. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131(5):963-968.

(9) Dalbert S, Ganter MT, Furrer L, Klaghofer R, Zollinger A, Hofer CK. Effects of heparin, haemodilution and aprotinin on kaolin-based activated clotting time: in vitro comparison of two different point of care devices. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50(4):461-468.

(10) Davis MC, Andersen NE, Johansson P, Andersen LW. Use of thromboelastograph and factor VII for the treatment of postoperative bleeding in a pediatric patient on ECMO after cardiac surgery. J Extra Corpor Technol 2006; 38(2):165-167.

(11) Dinesh D, Baker B, Carter JM. Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Transfus Med 2006; 16(3):206-208.

(12) Donahue BS, Gailani D, Mast AE. Disposition of tissue factor pathway inhibitor during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4(5):1011-1016.

(13) Ekert H, Brizard C, Eyers R, Cochrane A, Henning R. Elective administration in infants of low-dose recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for congenital heart disease does not shorten time to chest closure or reduce blood loss and need for transfusions: a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study of rFVIIa and standard haemostatic replacement therapy versus standard haemostatic replacement therapy. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2006; 17(5):389-395.

(14) Fernandez JA, Vento AE, Jormalainen M, Griffin JH, Pesonen E, Syrjala M et al. Activated protein C in the cardioplegic solution on a porcine model of coronary ischemia-reperfusion has deleterious hemodynamic effects. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2006; 20(2):113-121.

(15) Friesen RH, Perryman KM, Weigers KR, Mitchell MB, Friesen RM. A trial of fresh autologous whole blood to treat dilutional coagulopathy following cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. Paediatr Anaesth 2006; 16(4):429-435.

(16) Ganter MT, Monn A, Tavakoli R, Genoni M, Klaghofer R, Furrer L et al. Monitoring activated clotting time for combined heparin and aprotinin application: in vivo evaluation of a new aprotinin-insensitive test using Sonoclot. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006; 30(2):278-284.

(17) Gerrah R, Brill A, Tshori S, Lubetsky A, Merin G, Varon D. Using Cone and Plate(let) Analyzer to Predict Bleeding in Cardiac Surgery. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2006; 14(4):310-315.

(18) Harrison MJ, Stygall J, Whitaker DC, Grundy NM, Newman SP. Hematocrit during cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 82(3):1166.

(19) Huebler M, Koster A, Buz S, Boettcher W, Hetzer R, Kuppe H et al. Cardiopulmonary bypass for complex cardiac surgery using bivalirudin anticoagulation in a patient with heparin antibodies. J Card Surg 2006; 21(3):286-288.

(20) Kapetanakis EI, Medlam DA, Petro KR, Haile E, Hill PC, Dullum MK et al. Effect of clopidogrel premedication in off-pump cardiac surgery: are we forfeiting the benefits of reduced hemorrhagic sequelae? Circulation 2006; 113(13):1667-1674.

(21) Karkouti K, O'Farrell R, Yau TM, Beattie WS. Prediction of massive blood transfusion in cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53(8):781-794.

(22) Kirshbom PM, Miller BE, Spitzer K, Easley KA, Spainhour CE, Kogon BE et al. Failure of surface-modified bypass circuits to improve platelet function during pediatric cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132(3):675-680.

(23) Kobzar G, Mardla V, Ratsep I, Samel N. Platelet activity before and after coronary artery bypass grafting. Platelets 2006; 17(5):289-291.

(24) Koster A, Buz S, Hetzer R, Kuppe H, Breddin K, Harder S. Anticoagulation with argatroban in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies after cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: first results from the ARG-E03 trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 132(3):699-700.

(25) Kotake Y, Ogawa NE, Katori N, Serita R, Morisaki H, Takeda J. Platelet dysfunction during cardiopulmonary bypass assessed by a novel whole-blood aggregometer. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20(4):536-540.

(26) Kurup V, Transue S, Wu Y, Rinder HM, Barash P, Dewar M. Cardiac surgery in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia--cautions with use of the direct thrombin inhibitor, argatroban. Conn Med 2006; 70(4):245-250.

(27) Mathew JP, Rinder HM, Smith BR, Newman MF, Rinder CS. Transcerebral platelet activation after aortic cross-clamp release is linked to neurocognitive decline. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(5):1644-1649.

(28) McCusker K, Chalafant A, de Foe G, Gunaydin S, Vijay V. Influence of hematocrit and pump prime on cerebral oxygen saturation in on-pump coronary revascularization. Perfusion 2006; 21(3):149-155.

(29) Merlani PG, Chenaud C, Cottini S, Reber G, Garnerin P, de Moerloose P et al. Point of care management of heparin administration after heart surgery : A randomized, controlled trial. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32(9):1357-1364.

(30) Muriithi EW, Belcher PR. Heparin, cardiopulmonary bypass, and platelet dysfunction. Artif Organs 2006; 30(6):488-489.

(31) Nielsen VG, Steenwyk BL, Gurley WQ, Pereira SJ, Lell WA, Kirklin JK. Argatroban, bivalirudin, and lepirudin do not decrease clot propagation and strength as effectively as heparin-activated antithrombin in vitro. J Heart Lung Transplant 2006; 25(6):653-663.

(32) Nielsen VG. Protamine enhances fibrinolysis by decreasing clot strength: role of tissue factor-initiated thrombin generation. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(5):1720-1727.

(33) Niemi TT, Kuitunen AH. Artificial colloids impair haemostasis. An in vitro study using thromboelastometry coagulation analysis. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005; 49(3):373-378.

(34) Niemi TT, Suojaranta-Ylinen RT, Kukkonen SI, Kuitunen AH. Gelatin and hydroxyethyl starch, but not albumin, impair hemostasis after cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 2006; 102(4):998-1006.

(35) Nimjee SM, Keys JR, Pitoc GA, Quick G, Rusconi CP, Sullenger BA. A novel antidote-controlled anticoagulant reduces thrombin generation and inflammation and improves cardiac function in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Mol Ther 2006; 14(3):408-415.

(36) Nuttall GA, Oliver WC, Fass DN, Owen WG, Dinenno D, Ereth MH et al. A prospective, randomized platelet-function study of heparinized oxygenators and cardiotomy suction. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20(4):554-561.

(37) Nuttall GA, Henderson N, Quinn M, Blair C, Summers L, Williams BA et al. Excessive bleeding and transfusion in a prior cardiac surgery is associated with excessive bleeding and transfusion in the next surgery. Anesth Analg 2006; 102(4):1012-1017.

(38) Oh JJ, Akers WS, Lewis D, Ramaiah C, Flynn JD. Recombinant factor VIIa for refractory bleeding after cardiac surgery secondary to anticoagulation with the direct thrombin inhibitor lepirudin. Pharmacotherapy 2006; 26(4):569-577.

(39) Ostrowsky J, Henderson M, Hennein H. Autologous priming technique to reduce blood transfusion in pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. J Extra Corpor Technol 2006; 38(2):154-156.

(40) Ozier Y, Schlumberger S. Pharmacological approaches to reducing blood loss and transfusions in the surgical patient. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53(6 Suppl):S21-S29.

(41) Pleym H, Videm V, Wahba A, Asberg A, Amundsen T, Bjella L et al. Heparin resistance and increased platelet activation in coronary surgery patients treated with enoxaparin preoperatively. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006; 29(6):933-940.

(42) Raivio P, Kuitunen A, Suojaranta-Ylinen R, Lassila R, Petaja J. Thrombin generation during reperfusion after coronary artery bypass surgery associates with postoperative myocardial damage. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4(7):1523-1529.

(43) Ramnarine IR, Higgins MJ, McGarrity A, Mahmood Z, Wheatley DJ, Belcher PR. Autologous blood transfusion for cardiopulmonary bypass: effects of storage conditions on platelet function. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20(4):541-547.

(44) Rinder CS, Rinder HM, Smith MJ, Fitch JC, Tracey JB, Chandler WL et al. Antithrombin reduces monocyte and neutrophil CD11b up regulation in addition to blocking platelet activation during extracorporeal circulation. Transfusion 2006; 46(7):1130-1137.

(45) Sharma V, Talwar S, Choudhary SK, Lakshmy R, Kale S, Kumar AS. Evaluation of Epsilon Amino-Caproic Acid (EACA) and Autologous Blood as Blood Conservation Strategies in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery. Heart Lung Circ 2006; 15(4):261-265.

(46) Slight RD, Bappu NJ, Nzewi OC, Lee RJ, McClelland DB, Mankad PS. Factors predicting loss and gain of red cell volume in cardiac surgery patients. Transfus Med 2006; 16(3):169-175.

(47) Stafford-Smith M, Newman MF. What effects do hemodilution and blood transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass have on renal outcomes? Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 2006; 2(4):188-189.

(48) Surgenor SD, DeFoe GR, Fillinger MP, Likosky DS, Groom RC, Clark C et al. Intraoperative red blood cell transfusion during coronary artery bypass graft surgery increases the risk of postoperative low-output heart failure. Circulation 2006; 114(1 Suppl):I43-I48.

(49) Tanaka KA, Sniecinski R. Systemic thromboses after cardiopulmonary bypass: is it thrombin or antithrombin? Anesthesiology 2006; 105(2):428-429.

(50) Tanaka KA, Szlam F, Levy JH. The effect of aprotinin on activated protein C-mediated downregulation of endogenous thrombin generation. Br J Haematol 2006; 134(1):77-82.

(51) van den Goor JM, van Oeveren W, Rutten PM, Tijssen JG, Eijsman L. Adhesion of thrombotic components to the surface of a clinically used oxygenator is not affected by Trillium coating. Perfusion 2006; 21(3):165-172.

(52) Vincentelli A, Jude B, Belisle S. Antithrombotic therapy in cardiac surgery. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53(6 Suppl):S89-102.

(53) von Heymann C, Hagemeyer E, Kastrup M, Ziemer S, Proquitte H, Konertz WF et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia type II in an infant with a congenital heart defect--anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass with epoprostenol sodium and heparin. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2006; 7(4):383-385.

(54) Wei M, Jian K, Guo Z, Wang L, Jiang D, Zhang L et al. Tranexamic acid reduces postoperative bleeding in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Scand Cardiovasc J 2006; 40(2):105-109.

(55) Welsby IJ, Jiao K, Ortel TL, Brudney CS, Roche AM, Bennett-Guerrero E et al. The kaolin-activated Thrombelastograph predicts bleeding after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2006; 20(4):531-535.

(56) Xiao dW, Yang M, Yang J, Hon KL, Fok FT. Lung damage may induce thrombocytopenia. Platelets 2006; 17(5):347-349.

04/2006

(1) Wajon P. R-hirudin for cardiopulmonary bypass. Anaesth Intensive Care 2006; 34(1):126-127.

(2) Husedzinov I, Bradic N, Nikic N, Barisin S, Desnica M. Two cases of heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II post cardiopulmonary bypass. Anaesth Intensive Care 2006; 34(1):124-125.

(3) Moon SW, Jo KH, Wang YP, Kim YK, Kwon OK. Off-pump open pulmonary embolectomy for major bilateral pulmonary emboli: report of a case. Surg Today 2006; 36(3):274-276.

(4) Sirvinskas E, Veikutiene A, Grybauskas P, Cimbolaityte J, Mongirdiene A, Veikutis V et al. Influence of aspirin or heparin on platelet function and postoperative blood loss after coronary artery bypass surgery. Perfusion 2006; 21(1):61-66.

(5) Whitaker DC, Stygall J, Harrison MJ, Mackie IJ, Kemp M, Hooper J et al. Leucocyte-depleting arterial line filtration does not reduce myocardial injury assessed by Troponin T during routine coronary artery bypass grafting using crossclamp fibrillation. Perfusion 2006; 21(1):55-60.

(6) Bosch YP, Ganushchak YM, de Jong DS. Comparison of ACT point-of-care measurements: repeatability and agreement. Perfusion 2006; 21(1):27-31.

(7) Chong SK, Kum SP, Mi JY, Kyoung OK. Effects of intravascular volume therapy using hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) on post-operative bleeding and transfusion requirements in children undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50(1):108-111.

(8) Abul-Azm A, Abdullah KM. Effect of topical tranexamic acid in open heart surgery. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; :1-5.:1-5.

(9) Takakura K, Mizogami M, Fukuda S. Protamine sulfate causes endothelium-independent vasorelaxation via inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway. Can J Anaesth 2006; 53(2):162-167.

(10) Maddali MM, Rajakumar MC, Fahr J, Albahrani MJ, Amna MA. Cardiopulmonary bypass without preoperative exchange transfusion in sicklers. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2006; 14(1):51-56.

(11) Nielsen VG. Effects of aprotinin on plasma coagulation kinetics determined by thrombelastography: role of Factor XI. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2006; 50(2):168-172.

(12) Fukuda I, Fukui K, Minakawa M, Koyama M, Ichinoseki I, Suzuki Y. Rescue surgical embolectomy for fatal pulmonary embolism in patient with intracranial hemorrhage. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(2):735-737.

(13) Day JR, Haskard DO, Taylor KM, Landis RC. Effect of aprotinin and recombinant variants on platelet protease-activated receptor 1 activation. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(2):619-624.

(14) Kikura M, Levy JH, Tanaka KA, Ramsay JG. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of epsilon-aminocaproic acid for reducing blood loss in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2006; 202(2):216-222.

(15) Raja SG, Dreyfus GD. Impact of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery on postoperative bleeding: current best available evidence. J Card Surg 2006; 21(1):35-41.

(16) Abdel-Rahman U, Martens S, Risteski P, Ozaslan F, Riaz M, Moritz A et al. The use of Minimized Extracorporeal Circulation System has a Beneficial Effect on Hemostasis--A Randomized Clinical Study. Heart Surg Forum 2006; 9(1):E543-E548.

(17) Santos AT, Kalil RA, Bauemann C, Pereira JB, Nesralla IA. A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study with tranexamic acid of bleeding and fibrinolytic activity after primary coronary artery bypass grafting. Braz J Med Biol Res 2006; 39(1):63-69.

(18) Day JR, Taylor KM, Lidington EA, Mason JC, Haskard DO, Randi AM et al. Aprotinin inhibits proinflammatory activation of endothelial cells by thrombin through the protease-activated receptor 1. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006; 131(1):21-27.

(19) Hursting MJ, Dubb J, Verme-Gibboney CN. Argatroban anticoagulation in pediatric patients: a literature analysis. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2006; 28(1):4-10.

(20) Augoustides JG, Kilbaugh T, Harris H, Glick JH, Acker M, Savino JS. Fatal thrombosis after mitral valve replacement for endocarditis: aprotinin and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Anesthesiology 2006; 104(1):213.

(21) Choi TS, Khan AI, Greilich PE, Kroll MH. Modified plasma-based ecarin clotting time assay for monitoring of recombinant hirudin during cardiac surgery. Am J Clin Pathol 2006; 125(2):290-295.

(22) Bittner HB, Richter M, Kuntze T, Rahmel A, Dahlberg P, Hertz M et al. Aprotinin decreases reperfusion injury and allograft dysfunction in clinical lung transplantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006; 29(2):210-215.

(23) Banbury MK, Brizzio ME, Rajeswaran J, Lytle BW, Blackstone EH. Transfusion increases the risk of postoperative infection after cardiovascular surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2006; 202(1):131-138.

01/2006

(1) Banbury MK, Brizzio ME, Rajeswaran J, Lytle BW, Blackstone EH. Transfusion increases the risk of postoperative infection after cardiovascular surgery. J Am Coll Surg 2006; 202(1):131-138.

(2) Murugan SJ, Viswanathan S, Thomson J, Parsons JM, Richards M. Heart surgery in infants with hemophilia. Ann Thorac Surg 2006; 81(1):336-339.

(3) Samolyk KA, Beckmann SR, Bissinger RC. A new practical technique to reduce allogeneic blood exposure and hospital costs while preserving clotting factors after cardiopulmonary bypass: the Hemobag. Perfusion 2005; 20(6):343-349.

(4) ten Brinke MJ, Weerwind PW, Teerenstra S, Feron JC, van der MW, Brouwer MH. Leukocyte removal efficiency of cell-washed and unwashed whole blood: an in vitro study. Perfusion 2005; 20(6):335-341.

(5) Wasowicz M, Vegas A, Borger MA, Harwood S. Bivalirudin anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass in a patient with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: [L'anticoagulation avec la bivalirudine pour la circulation extracorporelle chez un patient atteint de thrombocytopenie immunitaire a l'heparine (TIH)]. Can J Anaesth 2005; 52(10):1093-1098.

(6) Pretorius M, Scholl FG, McFarlane JA, Murphey LJ, Brown NJ. A pilot study indicating that bradykinin B2 receptor antagonism attenuates protamine-related hypotension after cardiopulmonary bypass. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2005; 78(5):477-485.

(7) von Heymann C, Redlich U, Moritz M, Sander M, Vargas HO, Grubitzsch H et al. Aspirin and clopidogrel taken until 2 days prior to coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with increased postoperative drainage loss. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 53(6):341-345.

(8) Nollert G, Schwabenland I, Maktav D, Kur F, Christ F, Fraunberger P et al. Miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass in coronary artery bypass surgery: marginal impact on inflammation and coagulation but loss of safety margins. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80(6):2326-2332.

(9) Parekh K, Burkhart HM, Hatab A, Ross A, Muller BA. Heparin allergy: successful desensitization for cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130(5):1455-1456.

(10) Lubenow N, Eichler P, Lietz T, Greinacher A. Lepirudin in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia - results of the third prospective study (HAT-3) and a combined analysis of HAT-1, HAT-2, and HAT-3. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3(11):2428-2436.

(11) Raja SG. The response of the coagulation system to cardiac surgery is not similar with or without cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005; 19(5):700-702.

(12) Kreisler KR, Vance RA, Cruzzavala J, Mahnken JD. Heparin-bonded cardiopulmonary bypass circuits reduce the rate of red blood cell transfusion during elective coronary artery bypass surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005; 19(5):608-611.

(13) Metz S. Is the activated clotting time dangerous? Anesthesiology 2005; 103(4):903-904.

(14) Diprose P, Herbertson MJ, O'Shaughnessy D, Gill RS. Activated recombinant factor VII after cardiopulmonary bypass reduces allogeneic transfusion in complex non-coronary cardiac surgery: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95(5):596-602.

(15) Huebler M, Boettcher W, Koster A, Emeis M, Lange P, Hetzer R. Transfusion-free complex cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in a 3.55-kg Jehovah's Witness neonate. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80(4):1504-1506.

(16) Kuitunen A, Hiippala S, Vahtera E, Rasi V, Salmenpera M. The effects of aprotinin and tranexamic acid on thrombin generation and fibrinolytic response after cardiac surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005; 49(9):1272-1279.

09/2005

(1) Avidan MS, Levy JH, Van Aken H, Feneck RO, Latimer RD, Ott E et al. Recombinant human antithrombin III restores heparin responsiveness and decreases activation of coagulation in heparin-resistant patients during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130(1):107-113.

(2) Chandler WL. Effects of hemodilution, blood loss, and consumption on hemostatic factor levels during cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2005; 19(4):459-467.

(3) Dixon B, Santamaria J, Campbell D. Coagulation activation and organ dysfunction following cardiac surgery. Chest 2005; 128(1):229-236.

(4) Dyke CM, Koster A, Veale JJ, Maier GW, McNiff T, Levy JH. Preemptive use of bivalirudin for urgent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with potential heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80(1):299-303.

(5) Eisses MJ, Velan T, Aldea GS, Chandler WL. Strategies to reduce hemostatic activation during cardiopulmonary bypass. Thromb Res 2005; .

(6) Farstad M, Haugen O, Rynning SE, Onarheim H, Husby P. Fluid shift is moderate and short-lived during acute crystalloid hemodilution and normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in piglets. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005; 49(7):949-955.

(7) Ganter MT, Dalbert S, Graves K, Klaghofer R, Zollinger A, Hofer CK. Monitoring activated clotting time for combined heparin and aprotinin application: an in vitro evaluation of a new aprotinin-insensitive test using SONOCLOT. Anesth Analg 2005; 101(2):308-14, table.

(8) Gillespie EL, Gryskiewicz KA, White CM, Kluger J, Humphrey C, Horowitz S et al. Effect of aprotinin on the frequency of postoperative atrial fibrillation or flutter. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2005; 62(13):1370-1374.

(9) Habib RH, Zacharias A, Schwann TA, Riordan CJ, Engoren M, Durham SJ et al. Role of hemodilutional anemia and transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass in renal injury after coronary revascularization: implications on operative outcome. Crit Care Med 2005; 33(8):1749-1756.

(10) Habib RH, Zacharias A, Schwann TA, Riordan CJ. The independent effects of cardiopulmonary bypass hemodilutional anemia and transfusions on CABG outcomes. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; 28(3):512-513.

(11) Hattori T, Khan MM, Colman RW, Edmunds LH, Jr. Plasma tissue factor plus activated peripheral mononuclear cells activate factors VII and X in cardiac surgical wounds. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46(4):707-713.

(12) Karski J, Djaiani G, Carroll J, Iwanochko M, Seneviratne P, Liu P et al. Tranexamic acid and early saphenous vein graft patency in conventional coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130(2):309-314.

(13) Kondo N, Suzuki Y, Wakayama F, Tamai Y, Ji K, Fukui K et al. Platelet preservation with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor in a porcine cardiopulmonary bypass model. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80(1):251-257.

(14) Kumar S, Khan I, Milton R, Ali AA, O'Regan DJ. Pulmonary and paradoxical embolism in protein C and S deficient patient. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 80(1):324-326.

(15) Laga S, Bollen H, Arnout J, Hoylaerts M, Meyns B. Heparin influences human platelet behavior in cardiac surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass. Artif Organs 2005; 29(7):541-546.

(16) Levy JH, Tanaka KA, Steiner ME. Evaluation and management of bleeding during cardiac surgery. Curr Hematol Rep 2005; 4(5):368-372.

(17) Licker M, Ellenberger C, Sierra J, Kalangos A, Diaper J, Morel D. Cardioprotective effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. Chest 2005; 128(2):838-847.

(18) Massoudy P, Cetin SM, Thielmann M, Kienbaum P, Piotrowski JA, Marggraf G et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome in cardiac surgery-an underestimated coagulation disorder? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; 28(1):133-137.

(19) Paparella D, Al Radi OO, Meng QH, Venner T, Teoh K, Young E. The effects of high-dose heparin on inflammatory and coagulation parameters following cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2005; 16(5):323-328.

(20) Parolari A, Mussoni L, Frigerio M, Naliato M, Alamanni F, Galanti A et al. Increased prothrombotic state lasting as long as one month after on-pump and off-pump coronary surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 130(2):303-308.

(21) Riess FC, Gross A, Budde U. Pulmonary embolism after cesarian section due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia despite normal platelet count. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 53(4):255-257.

(22) Spinler SA, Wittkowsky AK, Nutescu EA, Smythe MA. Anticoagulation monitoring part 2: Unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin. Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39(7-8):1275-1285.

(23) Stafford-Smith M, Lefrak EA, Qazi AG, Welsby IJ, Barber L, Hoeft A et al. Efficacy and safety of heparinase I versus protamine in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with and without cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 2005; 103(2):229-240.

(24) Straub A, Azevedo R, Beierlein W, Wendel HP, Dietz K, Ziemer G. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition reduces prothrombotic events under conditions of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Thromb Haemost 2005; 94(1):115-122.

(25) Warkentin TE, Koster A. Bivalirudin: a review. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2005; 6(8):1349-1371.

07/2005

(1) Manikappa S, Benfield K, Gan TE, Butler J, Malan E, Tran HA et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and the use of r-hirudin during cardiopulmonary bypass. Anaesth Intensive Care 2005; 33(3):388-392.

(2) Blome M, Isgro F, Kiessling AH, Skuras J, Haubelt H, Hellstern P et al. Relationship between factor XIII activity, fibrinogen, haemostasis screening tests and postoperative bleeding in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Thromb Haemost 2005; 93(6):1101-1107.

(3) Spinler SA, Wittkowsky AK, Nutescu EA, Smythe MA. Anticoagulation monitoring part 2: unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin. Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39(7):1275-1285.

(4) Koster A, Yeter R, Buz S, Kuppe H, Hetzer R, Lincoff AM et al. Assessment of hemostatic activation during cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery bypass grafting with bivalirudin: Results of a pilot study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129(6):1391-1394.

(5) Wippermann J, Albes JM, Hartrumpf M, Kaluza M, Vollandt R, Bruhin R et al. Comparison of minimally invasive closed circuit extracorporeal circulation with conventional cardiopulmonary bypass and with off-pump technique in CABG patients: selected parameters of coagulation and inflammatory system. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005; .

(6) Patteril M, Stafford-Smith M, Toffaletti JG, Bute BP, Milano CA, Welsby IJ. Changing systems for measuring activated clotting times: Impact on the clinical practice of heparin anticoagulation during cardiac surgery. Clin Chim Acta 2005; 356(1-2):218-224.

(7) Shander A, Rijhwani TS. Clinical Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery: Conventional Surgery versus Bloodless Surgery. Anesthesiol Clin North America 2005; 23(2):327-345.

(8) Welsby IJ, Podgoreanu MV, Phillips-Bute B, Mathew JP, Smith PK, Newman MF et al. Genetic factors contribute to bleeding after cardiac surgery. J Thromb Haemost 2005; 3(6):1206-1212.

(9) DiDomenico RJ, Massad MG, Kpodonu J, Navarro RA, Geha AS. Use of recombinant activated factor VII for bleeding following operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Chest 2005; 127(5):1828-1835.

(10) Gerrah R, Elami A, Stamler A, Smirnov A, Stoeger Z. Preoperative aspirin administration improves oxygenation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Chest 2005; 127(5):1622-1626.

(11) Shuhaiber JH. Randomized prospective trial for blood transfusion during adult cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005; 129(5):1200-1201.

(12) Spinler SA, Nutescu EA, Smythe MA, Wittkowsky AK. Anticoagulation monitoring part 1: warfarin and parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors. Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39(6):1049-1055.

(13) Lin CH, Lin FY, Wang SS, Yu HY, Hsu RB. Cardiac surgery in patients with liver cirrhosis. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79(5):1551-1554.

(14) Guzzetta NA, Miller BE, Todd K, Szlam F, Moore RH, Tosone SR. An evaluation of the effects of a standard heparin dose on thrombin inhibition during cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates. Anesth Analg 2005; 100(5):1276-82, table.

05/2005

1. Spinler SA, Nutescu EA, Smythe MA, Wittkowsky AK: Anticoagulation Monitoring Part 1: Warfarin and Parenteral Direct Thrombin Inhibitors (CE) (June).Ann.Pharmacother. 2005; .:

2. Kouides PA, Fricke W: Diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Expert.Rev.Cardiovasc.Ther. 2005; 3: 335-45

3. Guzzetta NA, Miller BE, Todd K, Szlam F, Moore RH, Tosone SR: An Evaluation of the Effects of a Standard Heparin Dose on Thrombin Inhibition During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonates. Anesth.Analg. 2005; 100: 1276-82

4. Bailey LA, Sistino JJ, Uber WE: Is platelet function as measured by Thrombelastograph monitoring in whole blood affected by platelet inhibitors? J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2005; 37: 43-7

5. DeBois W, Liu J, Lee L, Girardi L, Ko W, Tortolani A, Krieger K, Isom OW: Cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with pre-existing coagulopathy. J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2005; 37: 15-22

6. Li S, Ji H, Lin J, Lenehan E, Ji B, Liu J, Liu J, Long C, Crane TA: Combination of acute preoperative plateletpheresis, cell salvage, and aprotinin minimizes blood loss and requirement during cardiac surgery. J.Extra.Corpor.Technol. 2005; 37: 9-14

7. Halkos ME, Levy JH, Chen E, Reddy VS, Lattouf OM, Guyton RA, Song HK: Early experience with activated recombinant factor VII for intractable hemorrhage after cardiovascular surgery. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2005; 79: 1303-6

8. Dauphine C, Omari B: Pulmonary embolectomy for acute massive pulmonary embolism. Ann.Thorac.Surg. 2005; 79: 1240-4

9. Takai H, Eishi K, Yamachika S, Hazama S, Ariyoshi T, Nishi K: Demonstration and operative influence of low prime volume closed pump. Asian Cardiovasc.Thorac.Ann. 2005; 13: 65-9

10. Dyke PC, Russo P, Mureebe L, Russo J, Tobias JD: Argatroban for anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass in an infant. paediatr.Anaesth. 2005; 15: 328-33

11. Straub A, Azevedo R, Beierlein W, Wendel HP, Scheule AM, Ziemer G: Hypothermia-induced platelet aggregation: no effect of aprotinin (trasylol(r)) but inhibition by eptifibatide (integrilin(r))*. Thorac.Cardiovasc.Surg. 2005; 53: 80-4

12. von Heymann C, Krimphove M, Spies C: Lower dose of heparin for cardiopulmonary bypass is not necessarily associated with lower drainage loss. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg.2005; 27: 727

13. Straub A, Wendel HP, Azevedo R, Ziemer G: The GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor abciximab (ReoPro) decreases activation and interaction of platelets and leukocytes during in vitro cardiopulmonary bypass simulation. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg. 2005; 27: 617-21

14. Kuduvalli M, Oo AY, Newall N, Grayson AD, Jackson M, Desmond MJ, Fabri BM,Rashid A: Effect of peri-operative red blood cell transfusion on 30-day and 1-year mortality following coronary artery bypass surgery. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg. 2005;27: 592-8

15. Devignes J, de Maistre E, Grosjean S, Walter AF, Hacquard M, Mulot A, Longrois D, Carteaux JP, Lecompte T: [Use of ecarin clotting time in whole blood for monitoring recombinant hirudine treatment during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia]. Ann.Biol.Clin.(Paris) 2005; 63: 201-8

16. Pouplard C, May MA, Regina S, Marchand M, Fusciardi J, Gruel Y: Changes in platelet count after cardiac surgery can effectively predict the development of pathogenic heparin-dependent antibodies. Br.J.Haematol. 2005; 128: 837-41

17. Frankel TL, Stamou SC, Lowery RC, Kapetanakis EI, Hill PC, Haile E, Corso PJ: Risk factors for hemorrhage-related reexploration and blood transfusion after conventional versus coronary revascularization without cardiopulmonary bypass. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg. 2005; 27: 494-500

18. Newcomb AE, Alphonso N, Norgaard MA, Cochrane AD, Karl TR, Brizard CP: High-vacuum drains rival conventional underwater-seal drains after pediatric heart surgery. Eur.J.Cardiothorac.Surg. 2005; 27: 395-9

19. Shore-Lesserson L: Evidence based coagulation monitors: heparin monitoring,thromboelastography, and platelet function. Semin.Cardiothorac.Vasc.Anesth. 2005;9: 41-52

20. Frost J, Mureebe L, Russo P, Russo J, Tobias JD: Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in the pediatric intensive care unit population. Pediatr.Crit Care Med. 2005; 6: 216-9

21. Bull BS, Hay K, Razzouk AJ, Huse WM: Reinfusion of aspirated pericardial blood during CPB. Part II. Laparotomy sponges are hazardous parts of the CPB circuit? Blood Cells Mol.Dis. 2005; 34: 144-50

22. Bull BS, Hay K: Reinfusion of aspirated pericardial blood during CPB. Part I. Hypothesis: laparotomy sponges are a significant part of the CPB circuit? Blood CellsMol.Dis. 2005; 34: 141-3

23. Razon Y, Erez E, Vidne B, Birk E, Katz J, Tamari H, Dagan O: Recombinant factor VIIa (NovoSeven) as a hemostatic agent after surgery for congenital heart disease. Paediatr.Anaesth. 2005; 15: 235-40

24. Salhi F, Mazoyer E, Samama C. Thromboélastogramme : on avance enfin ? Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2005;24(6):589-90.

25. Savry C, Quinio P, Lefèvre F, Schmitt F. Maniabilité et intérêts potentiels du thromboélastomètre modifié (Rotem) dans le monitorage extemporané de l'hémostase en réanimation. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2005;24(6):607-16.

03/2005

(1) Avidan MS, Levy JH, Scholz J, Delphin E, Rosseel PM, Howie MB et al. A phase III,double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study on the efficacy of recombinant human antithrombin in heparin-resistant patients scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery necessitating cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 2005; 102(2):276-284.

(2) Bulutcu FS, Ozbek U, Polat B, Yalcin Y, Karaci AR, Bayindir O. Which may be effective to reduce blood loss after cardiac operations in cyanotic children: tranexamic acid, aprotinin or a combination? Paediatr Anaesth 2005; 15(1):41-46.

(3) Chang LC, Lee HF, Chung MJ, Yang VC. PEG-Modified Protamine with Improved Pharmacological/Pharmaceutical Properties as a Potential protamine Substitute: Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation. Bioconjug Chem 2005; 16(1):147-155.

(4) Chen JC, Rollins SA, Shernan SK, Boyce S, Allen K, Wallace A et al. Pharmacologic c5-complement suppression reduces blood loss during on-pump cardiac surgery. J Card Surg 2005; 20(1):35-41.

(5) Chevalier J, Ducasse E, Dasnoy D, Puppinck P. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia with acute aortic and renal thrombosis in a patient treated with low-molecular-weight heparin. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2005; 29(2):209-212.

(6) Cines DB, Bussel JB, McMillan RB, Zehnder JL. Congenital and acquired thrombocytopenia. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program ) 2004; :390-406.:390-406.

(7) Clayton SB, Acsell JR, Crumbley AJ, III, Uber WE. Cardiopulmonary bypass with bivalirudin in type II heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78(6):2167-2169.

(8) Donahue BS. The response to activated protein C after cardiopulmonary bypass: impact of factor V leiden. Anesth Analg 2004; 99(6):1598-603, table.

(9) Gasparovic H, Nathan NS, Fitzgerald D, Aranki SF. Severe argatroban-induced coagulopathy in a patient with a history of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 78(6):e89-e91.

(10) Hamilton MS, Menitove JE. Pump priming in heart surgery in infants. N Engl J Med2005; 352(7):731.

(11) Harder S, Klinkhardt U, Alvarez JM. Avoidance of bleeding during surgery in patients receiving anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet therapy: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. Clin Pharmacokinet 2004; 43(14):963-981.

(12) Hemming AE. Pro: Exchange transfusion is required for sickle cell trait patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. JCardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004; 18(5):663-665.

(13) Kang HM, Kalnoski MH, Frederick M, Chandler WL. The kinetics of plasmin inhibition by aprotinin in vivo. Thromb Res 2005; 115(4):327-340.

(14) Leyvi G, Zhuravlev I, Inyang A, Vinluan J, Ramachandran S, Lehning EJ et al. Arterial versus venous sampling for activated coagulation time measurements during cardiac surgery: a comparative study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004; 18(5):573-580.

(15) Lillo-Le Louet A, Boutouyrie P, Alhenc-Gelas M, Le Beller C, Gautier I, Aiach M et al. Diagnostic score for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2(11):1882-1888.

(16) Lilly KJ, O'Gara PJ, Treanor PR, Reardon D, Crowley R, Hunter C et al.Cardiopulmonary bypass: it's not the size, it's how you use it! Review of a comprehensive blood-conservation strategy. J Extra Corpor Technol 2004; 36(3):263-268.

(17) Lindholm L, Westerberg M, Bengtsson A, Ekroth R, Jensen E, Jeppsson A. A closed perfusion system with heparin coating and centrifugal pump improves cardiopulmonary bypass biocompatibility in elderly patients. Ann Thorac Surg 2004;78(6):2131-2138.

(18) Matthai WH, Jr., Cines DB. Towards a diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia after cardiopulmonary bypass. J Thromb Haemost 2004;2(11):1879-1881.

(19) Messent M. Con: Exchange transfusion is not required for sickle cell trait patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2004; 18(5):666-667.

(20) Morariu AM, Gu YJ, Huet RC, Siemons WA, Rakhorst G, Oeveren WV. Red blood cell aggregation during cardiopulmonary bypass: a pathogenic cofactor in endothelial cell activation? Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004; 26(5):939-946.

(21) Ranucci M, Frigiola A, Menicanti L, Ditta A, Boncilli A, Brozzi S. Postoperative antithrombin levels and outcome in cardiac operations. Crit Care Med 2005;33(2):355-360.

(22) Rubens FD, Lavalee G, Ruel MA, Mesana T, Bourke M. Delayed thrombin generation with hirudin anticoagulation during prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 2005; 79(1):334-336.

(23) Shuhaibar MN, Hargrove M, Millat MH, O'Donnell A, Aherne T. How much heparin do we really need to go on pump? A rethink of current practices. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2004; 26(5):947-950.